How to Apply for US Citizenship (Step-by-Step Guide)

Becoming a US citizen through naturalization is one of the most important decisions you can make. This comprehensive guide walks you through every step of the application process, from checking eligibility to taking the Oath of Allegiance.

Step 1: Determine Your Eligibility

Before applying, make sure you meet the basic requirements:

• Be at least 18 years old
• Be a lawful permanent resident (green card holder)
• Have lived in the US for at least 5 years (or 3 years if married to a US citizen)
• Have been physically present in the US for at least 30 months (or 18 months if married to a US citizen)
• Demonstrate good moral character

Step 2: Complete Form N-400

Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, is the official form you must submit to USCIS. You can file online or by mail. The form asks about your personal information, residence history, employment history, travel outside the US, and moral character questions.

Step 3: Pay the Filing Fee

The current N-400 filing fee includes the application fee and biometrics fee. Fee waivers are available for applicants who demonstrate an inability to pay. Reduced fees are available for applicants with household income at or below 400% of the federal poverty guidelines.

Step 4: Attend Biometrics Appointment

After USCIS receives your application, you'll be scheduled for a biometrics appointment where your fingerprints, photo, and signature will be collected for background checks.

Step 5: Complete the Citizenship Interview and Test

This is the most important step. During your interview, a USCIS officer will:

• Review your N-400 application and ask questions about your background
• Test your English reading and writing abilities
• Ask you civics questions about US history and government

Step 6: Take the Oath of Allegiance

If your application is approved, you'll be scheduled for an oath ceremony where you'll take the Oath of Allegiance and officially become a US citizen. You'll receive your Certificate of Naturalization at the ceremony.

Prepare for Success with Mock Interviews

The citizenship interview can be nerve-wracking, but thorough preparation makes all the difference. The best way to prepare is by practicing with realistic mock interviews that simulate the actual USCIS interview experience. Citizenry offers unlimited mock interviews with virtual USCIS agents, helping you build confidence before your real interview.